natea
September 2, 2019, 9:52pm
28
Since I haven’t posted before, I don’t think I’m able to directly edit the wiki, but I wanted to provide a nice pair of references that might be valuable additions to the propensity score matching section resources!
Brooks JM, Ohsfeldt RL. Squeezing the balloon: propensity scores and unmeasured covariate balance. Health services research. 2013 Aug;48(4):1487-507.
JM Brooks and RL Ohsfeldt,
Health services research , Aug 2013
To assess the covariate balancing properties of propensity score-based algorithms in which covariates affecting treatment choice are both measured and unmeasured.A simulation model of treatment choice and outcome.Simulation.Eight simulation scenarios varied with the values placed on measured and unmeasured covariates and the strength of the relationships between the measured and unmeasured covariates. The balance of both measured and unmeasured covariates was compared across patients either grouped or reweighted by propensity scores methods.Propensity score algorithms require unmeasured covariate variation that is unrelated to measured covariates, and they exacerbate the imbalance in this variation between treated and untreated patients relative to the full unweighted sample.The balance of measured covariates between treated and untreated patients has opposite implications for unmeasured covariates in randomized and observational studies. Measured covariate balance between treated and untreated patients in randomized studies reinforces the notion that all covariates are balanced. In contrast, forced balance of measured covariates using propensity score methods in observational studies exacerbates the imbalance in the independent portion of the variation in the unmeasured covariates, which can be likened to squeezing a balloon. If the unmeasured covariates affecting treatment choice are confounders, propensity score methods can exacerbate the bias in treatment effect estimates.
and:
Ali MS, Groenwold RH, Klungel OH. Propensity score methods and unobserved covariate imbalance: comments on “squeezing the balloon”. Health services research. 2014 Jun;49(3):1074-82.https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1475-6773.12152
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