RCT with missing follow-up outcomes: ANCOVA + MI vs Mixed-Effects Modelling?

Dear Marc,

Thank you once again for alerting me to this helpful post. If I have understood what you have written, your default lme model specification is

follow-up y ~ group*y0  +   time*treat  +  (1| id)

whilst Jorge’s M4 (which you seem to endorse) is

follow-up y ~ time*y0  +   time*treat  +    (1| id)

In M4, an interaction between baseline outcome and time is specified presumably because the associations between baseline and follow-up outcomes wane over time.

Could you kindly clarify on the rationale for including group*y0? Are we assuming that the between-group differences vary as a function of baseline outcome?

Thank you in advance for your guidance.