i wish i had more time to think about this, i will have to come back to it. i would just note that identifying sepsis in retrospective analysis seems just as challenging as it is in prospective analysis. i saw this recently: “In two recent papers, the same authors offered contradictory findings on the global incidence of sepsis, outcomes, and temporal changesover the last few decades.” from: Sepsis: the importance of an accurate final diagnosis i guess this is a good place for stato and clinician to work together